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They're Back on Track *
Can the rest of the design world be far behind?
Judith Davidsen -- Interior Design, 1/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
All together now: everyone heave a huge sigh of relief. The leaders of the pack are back on track, with the top 100 Interior Design Giants collecting $1,461,153,649 in fees in 2003. That's 1.13 percent, or $16,331,804, more than 2002's fees. And an even larger rise, 5.5 percent, is predicted for next year.
A total of 42 top Giants reported increases for 2003, the same number as the previous year. What's changed is the size of those increases, from 1.1 percent to a truly unbelievable 78.1 percent. (The average was a hefty 22.44 percent.) Six firms reported no change. Meanwhile, 45 firms suffered decreases ranging from 1 to 39 percent—slightly less than the decreases reported for 2002—bringing the average to 15.44 percent.
Office and retail design remain the top two earning categories, accounting for 29.59 percent and 12.67 percent of fees, respectively. The contribution that offices made to fees, however, went down almost 2 percent, while retail rose almost 1 percent. The big changes occurred in health care, which went up 32 percent (from fourth to third place), and financial institutions, which dropped 21.6 percent (from third to sixth place). The contribution made by educational facilities increased 13.8 percent. Residential declined 11.6 percent.
Although 2001 has been considered the beginning of the end of the technology boom, 15.5 percent more top Giant income derives from this sector now, compared to the 1990's. (Even financial commentators ended 2003 conceding that the death of technology had been grossly exaggerated. It had simply "matured.")
Thirty-two top Giant firms began working in new fields during 2003—seven in culture and entertainment; five each in hospitality, residential, and technology; four each in retail and government; two in education; and one each in health care and office.
New construction accounted for 57 percent of top Giant earnings, a figure that's been creeping slowly downward from a high of 62.1 percent at the end of the 20th century. Overseas jobs accounted for 9 percent of earnings, up from 7.5 percent in 2002.
The top Giants are far more likely than their clients to raise issues of sustainability, yet 81.4 percent are still taking the initiative to search out information about green products and materials. Of the 2003 total installation value of $34,861,306,470—a 12.14 percent improvement on the Giants' own forecasts—2.5 percent was allocated to green products and materials.
Total area installed was 509,556,713 square feet. The ratio of fees to installation value remains at only 80 percent of what it was during the recent boom, but the average fee per employee nevertheless rose 2 percent, to $213,284. One firm reported a sizable $816,667 earned per employee.
What did all those employees produce, in creative terms? Our portfolio presents the best Giant projects of 2003.
| 2004 Rank | Firms, headquarters | Design | $ value (millions) | Sq. ft. (millions) | Design staff | 2003 Rank |
| 01 | Gensler, San Francisco; gensler.com | $112.000 | $2,150.00 | 35.20 | 757 | 01 |
| 02 | Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum, Saint Louis; hok.com | $72.200 | $2,300.00 | 22.80 | 193 | 05 |
| 03 | Perkins & Will, Chicago; perkinswill.com | $44.000 | $1,100.00 | 15.00 | 147 | 06 |
| 04 | Leo A Daly, Omaha; leodaly.com | $41.910 | $940.00 | 14.59 | 159 | 07 |
| 05 | Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, New York; som.com | $40.500 | $900.00 | 8.00 | 204 | 02 |
| 06 | Pavlik Design Team, Fort Lauderdale, Florida; pavlikdesign.com | $40.253 | $1,653.00 | 18.75 | 146 | 03 |
| 07 | IA Interior Architects, San Francisco; interiorarchitects.com | $35.490 | $651.00 | 17.56 | 167 | 04 |
| 08 | NBBJ, Seattle; nbbj.com | $33.750 | $950.00 | 21.00 | 159 | 10 |
| 09 | Jacobs, Pasadena, California; jacobs.com | $31.508 | $266.25 | 3.55 | 133 | 13 |
| 10 | Callison Architecture, Seattle; callison.com | $31.418 | $845.10 | 8.98 | 95 | 08 |
| 11 | SmithGroup, Detroit; smithgroup.com | $30.852 | $666.59 | 10.47 | 174 | 09 |
| 12 | HDR Architecture, Omaha; hdrinc.com | $29.040 | NR | 11.60 | 201 | 12 |
| 13 | TPG Planning & Design (The Phillips Group), New York; tpgarchitecture.com | $27.930 | $500.00 | 9.30 | 156 | 14 |
| 14 | Design Forum, Dayton, Ohio; designforum.com | $25.160 | $690.00 | 7.00 | 208 | 19 |
| 15 | Cannon Design, Boston; cannondesign.com | $24.469 | NR | 5.50 | 165 | 18 |
| 16 | Hirsch Bedner Associates, Santa Monica, California; hbadesign.com | $24.287 | $1,432.93 | 13.65 | 199 | 15 |
| 17 | HLW, New York; hlw.com | $24.000 | $480.00 | 6.40 | 100 | 17 |
| 18 | Flad & Associates, Madison, Wisconsin; flad.com | $23.200 | $486.78 | 8.11 | 169 | 16 |
| 19 | Hillier Architects, Princeton, New Jersey; hillier.com | $23.000 | $450.00 | 6.00 | 69 | - |
| 20 | RTKL Associates, Baltimore; rtkl.com | $23.000 | $400.00 | 9.90 | 62 | 11 |
| 21 | Creative Design Consultants, Costa Mesa, California; cdcdesigns.com | $23.000 | NR | 0.80 | 74 | 20 |
| 22 | Wilson & Associates, Dallas; wilsonassoc.com | $22.800 | $1,000.00 | NR | 145 | 21 |
| 23 | Kling, Philadelphia; kling.us | $19.500 | $375.00 | 2.50 | 118 | 31 |
| 24 | Perkins Eastman, New York; perkinseastman.com | $16.837 | $116.00 | 2.00 | 74 | 26 |
| 25 | Ai, Washington, D.C.; aiarchitecture.com | $16.125 | $325.00 | 5.00 | 95 | 25 |
| 26 | A/R Environetics Group, New York; arenvironetics.com | $15.300 | $177.00 | 2.30 | 59 | 33 |
| 27 | HLM Design, Charlotte, North Carolina; hlmdesign.com | $15.080 | NR | NR | NR | 30 |
| 28 | HKS, Dallas; hksinc.com | $15.000 | $400.00 | 5.00 | 44 | 24 |
| 29 | Nelson, Philadelphia; nelsononline.com | $14.900 | $390.00 | 6.60 | 160 | 35 |
| 30 | Studios Architecture, Washington, D.C.; studiosarch.com | $14.700 | $300.00 | 4.00 | 69 | 29 |
| 31 | Ellerbe Becket, Minneapolis; ellerbebecket.com | $14.220 | $425.00 | 5.90 | 31 | 23 |
| 32 | Mancini-Duffy, New York; manciniduffy.com | $14.108 | $350.00 | 5.70 | 95 | 22 |
| 33 | SpAce, Chicago; workplayce.com | $14.000 | $425.00 | 7.00 | 120 | 27 |
| 34 | DMJM Design, Los Angeles; dmjm.com | $14.000 | $390.00 | 4.80 | 148 | 34 |
| 35 | RSP Architects, Minneapolis; rsparch.com | $14.000 | $312.00 | 3.90 | 35 | 32 |
| 36 | Swanke Hayden Connell Architects, New York; shca.com | $13.100 | $350.00 | 3.00 | 140 | 28 |
| 37 | Interior Space International, Chicago; epstein-isi.com | $13.000 | $460.00 | 11.00 | 63 | 37 |
| 38 | Ted Moudis Associates, New York; tedmoudis.com | $12.250 | $120.00 | 2.80 | 63 | 40 |
| 39 | EwingCole, Philadelphia; ewingcole.com | $12.000 | $490.00 | 2.50 | 150 | 72 |
| 40 | RPA, Columbus, Ohio; rpaworldwide.com | $12.000 | $240.00 | 3.60 | 42 | 56 |
| 41 | DBI Architects, Washington, D.C.; dbia.com | $11.214 | $75.00 | 1.80 | 48 | 45 |
| 42 | Marc-Michaels Interior Design, Winter Park, Florida; marc-michaels.com | $10.997 | $20.10 | 1.40 | 60 | 38 |
| 43 | FRCH Design Worldwide, Cincinnati; frch.com | $10.950 | NR | NR | 125 | 62 |
| 44 | CUH2A, Princeton, New Jersey; cuh2a.com | $10.280 | $642.50 | 11.57 | 88 | 52 |
| 45 | DiLeonardo International Design, Warwick, Rhode Island 1 | $10.272 | $341.00 | 3.07 | 51 | 41 |
| 46 | Tsoi/Kobus & Associates, Cambridge, Massachussetts 2 | $9.800 | $120.00 | 0.36 | 12 | 43 |
| 47 | Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Partnership, Portland, Oregon; zgf.com | $9.750 | $90.00 | 3.50 | 56 | 47 |
| 48 | Griswold, Heckel & Kelly Associates, Chicago; ghk.net | $9.200 | $70.00 | 2.80 | 75 | 36 |
| 49 | Burt Hill Kosar Rittelmann Associates, Butler, Pennsylvania; burthill.com | $9.146 | $510.00 | 5.00 | 27 | - |
| 50 | Roger Ferris + Partners, Westport, Connecticut; ferrisarch.com | $9.000 | $265.00 | 1.63 | 46 | 49 |
| 51 | OWP/P Architects, Chicago; owpp.com | $9.000 | $213.85 | 4.55 | 25 | 46 |
| 52 | CBT/Childs Bertman Tseckares, Boston; cbtarchitects.com | $9.000 | $120.00 | 3.40 | 59 | 59 |
| 53 | TVS, Atlanta; tvsa.com | $9.000 | NR | NR | 43 | 44 |
| 54 | Gresham, Smith and Partners, Nashville; gspnet.com | $8.852 | $166.43 | 3.20 | 47 | 76 |
| 55 | PageSoutherlandPage, Austin, Texas; psp.com | $8.673 | $335.54 | 3.24 | 68 | 64 |
| 56 | Anshen + Allen, San Francisco; anshen.com | $8.672 | NR | 3.50 | 19 | 110 |
| 57 | Karlsberger Companies, Columbus, Ohio; karlsberger.com | $8.665 | $248.00 | 2.10 | 15 | 93 |
| 58 | RMW Architecture & Interiors, San Francisco; rmw.com | $8.595 | $172.25 | 2.65 | 40 | 42 |
| 59 | Little Diversified Architectural Consulting, Charlotte, North Carolina 3 | $8.500 | $280.00 | 5.50 | 30 | 66 |
| 60 | ASD, Atlanta; asdnet.com | $8.350 | NR | NR | 60 | 51 |
| 61 | Spector Group, New York; spectorgroup.com | $8.000 | NR | 2.00 | 26 | - |
| 62 | Tricarico, Wayne, New Jersey; tricarico.com | $7.667 | $140.00 | 4.21 | 50 | 78 |
| 63 | LS3P Associates, Charleston, South Carolina; ls3p.com | $7.200 | $315.00 | 9.50 | 68 | - |
| 64 | Gettys, Chicago; gettys.com | $7.000 | $125.00 | NR | 27 | 95 |
| 65 | Switzer Group, New York; theswitzergroup.com | $6.942 | $70.25 | 2.75 | 52 | 67 |
| 66 | Gwathmey Siegel & Associates Architects, New York; gwathmey-siegel.com | $6.900 | $144.70 | 0.72 | 39 | 73 |
| 67 | Granary Associates, Philadelphia; granaryassoc.com | $6.840 | NR | NR | 65 | 81 |
| 68 | Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott, Boston; sbra.com | $6.700 | $100.00 | 0.70 | 18 | 54 |
| 69 | H. Chambers Company, Baltimore; chambersusa.com | $6.525 | $75.00 | 2.20 | 20 | 68 |
| 70 | Gould Evans Affiliates, Kansas City, Missouri; gouldevans.com | $6.300 | $65.00 | 1.80 | 172 | 82 |
| 71 | Brennan Beer Gorman Monk Interiors, New York; bbg-bbgm.com | $6.200 | NR | NR | 37 | 96 |
| 72 | Brayton & Hughes Design Studio, San Francisco; bhdstudio.com | $6.080 | $70.00 | NR | 32 | 83 |
| 73 | Francis Cauffman Foley Hoffmann, Architects, Philadelphia; fcfh-did.com | $6.000 | $130.00 | 2.50 | 36 | 102 |
| 74 | Concepts 4, Long Beach, California; concepts4inc.com | $5.964 | $172.00 | 2.10 | 27 | 70 |
| 75 | Cubellis Associates, Boston; cubellis.com | $5.880 | $91.35 | 2.35 | 43 | 88 |
| 76 | Butler Rogers Baskett Architects, New York; brb.com | $5.857 | $112.00 | 1.17 | 47 | 50 |
| 77 | Silvester+Tafuro, South Norwalk, Connecticut; silvestertafuro.com | $5.679 | $32.00 | 0.10 | 41 | 90 |
| 78 | Corgan Associates, Dallas; corgan.com | $5.625 | NR | 6.00 | 32 | 60 |
| 79 | DES Architects & Engineers, Redwood City, California; des-ae.com | $5.600 | $125.00 | 1.00 | 14 | 80 |
| 80 | Loebl Schlossman & Hackl, Chicago; lshdesign.com | $5.514 | $75.00 | 1.50 | 16 | 75 |
| 81 | Einhorn Yaffee Prescott Architecture & Engineering, Albany; eypae.com | $5.500 | $52.40 | 0.38 | 19 | 84 |
| 82 | Slifer Designs, Edwards, Colorado; sliferdesigns.com | $5.500 | NR | NR | 25 | 77 |
| 83 | Staffelbach Design Associates, Dallas; staffelbach.com | $5.490 | $90.00 | 1.09 | 42 | 92 |
| 84 | Group Goetz Architects, Washington, D.C.; gga.com | $5.480 | $110.00 | 1.50 | 35 | 71 |
| 85 | Bergmeyer Associates, Boston; bergmeyer.com | $5.400 | $97.00 | 0.88 | 50 | 89 |
| 86 | JRS Architect, Mineola, New York; jrsarchitect.com | $5.350 | $143.00 | 1.01 | 27 | 131 |
| 87 | Environments Group, Chicago; envgroup.com | $5.300 | $175.00 | 1.75 | 43 | 58 |
| 88 | Carrier Johnson, San Diego; carrierjohnson.com | $5.100 | $162.00 | 2.30 | 20 | 87 |
| 89 | OPX, Washington, D.C.; opxglobal.com | $5.050 | $90.00 | 1.80 | 38 | 94 |
| 90 | Jung/Brannen Associates, Boston; jungbrannen.com | $5.000 | $400.00 | 6.00 | 14 | 63 |
| 91 | Sasaki Associates, Watertown, Massachusetts; sasaki.com | $5.000 | $97.00 | 0.95 | 55 | 74 |
| 92 | ADD, Cambridge, Massachusetts; addinc.com | $4.976 | $143.00 | 4.90 | 36 | 61 |
| 93 | JGA, Southfield, Michigan; jga.com | $4.952 | $45.00 | 1.60 | 36 | 85 |
| 94 | Smallwood, Reynolds, Stewart, Stewart Interiors, Atlanta; srssa.com | $4.945 | $70.00 | 3.50 | 24 | 57 |
| 95 | Lawrence Group, Saint Louis; thelawrencegroup.com | $4.868 | $114.54 | 1.53 | 40 | - |
| 96 | Daroff Design & DDI Architects, Philadelphia; daroffdesign.com | $4.800 | $75.00 | 1.60 | 36 | - |
| 97 | Cuningham Group Architecture, Minneapolis; cuningham.com | $4.627 | NR | NR | 108 | 97 |
| 98 | H. Hendy Associates, Irvine, California; hhendy.com | $4.586 | $60.00 | 1.50 | 23 | 124 |
| 99 | Babey Moulton Jue & Booth, San Francisco; bamo.com | $4.500 | NR | NR | 25 | 104 |
| 100 | Planning Design Research Corporation, Houston | $4.455 | $318.75 | 4.25 | 34 | - |
| Methodology: The first installment of the three-part annual business survey of Interior Design Giants comprises the 100 largest firms ranked by interior design fees for the 12-month period ending December 31, 2003. The second 100 Giants firm ranking will be published in July; the final installment, listing the top 50 hospitality Giants, will be published in October. Interior design fees include fees attributed to: 1. All types of interiors work, including commercial and residential. 2. All aspects of a firm's interior design practice, from strategic planning and programming to design and project management. 3. Fees paid to a firm for work performed by employees and independent contractors who are "full-time staff equivalent." Interior design fees do not include revenues paid to a firm and remitted to subcontractors who are not considered the equivalent of full-time staff. For example, certain firms attract work that is subcontracted to a local firm. The originating firm may collect all the fees and retain a fee for management or generation, paying the remainder to the performing firm. The amounts paid to the latter firm are not included in the fees of the collecting firm in determining its ranking. Data was compiled and analyzed by Interior Design's market research staff in New York: research manager Wing Leung and tabulation supervisor Laura Girmscheid. Judith Davidsen is a contributing editor for the magazine. |
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TOP 10 IN CORPORATE/OFFICE DESIGN
| Firms | ID fee | Rank |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $41,876,000 | 2 |
| Gensler | $41,440,000 | 1 |
| Perkins & Will | $22,000,000 | 3 |
| Kling | $17,550,000 | 23 |
| Leo A Daly | $16,344,900 | 4 |
| TPG Planning & Design | $14,802,900 | 13 |
| A/R Environetics Group | $13,005,000 | 26 |
| RTKL Associates | $12,650,000 | 20 |
| Skidmore, Owings & Merrill | $10,530,000 | 5 |
| SmithGroup | $9,101,447 | 11 |
TOP 10 IN RETAIL DESIGN
| Pavlik Design Team | $37,435,687 | 6 |
| Gensler | $22,400,000 | 1 |
| Design Forum | $22,140,800 | 14 |
| Callison Architecture | $21,992,600 | 10 |
| RPA | $10,800,000 | 40 |
| TPG Planning & Design | $10,054,800 | 13 |
| FRCH Design Worldwide | $9,198,000 | 43 |
| Nicholas J. Tricarico, Architect | $7,513,214 | 62 |
| Jacobs | $5,986,561 | 9 |
| JGA | $4,952,423 | 93 |
TOP 10 IN GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION DESIGN
| Gensler | $16,800,000 | 1 |
| Jacobs | $15,439,026 | 9 |
| Ai | $6,450,000 | 25 |
| HLM Design | $5,730,400 | 27 |
| STUDIOS Architecture | $5,145,000 | 30 |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $5,054,000 | 2 |
| Leo A Daly | $5,029,200 | 4 |
| SmithGroup | $4,226,774 | 11 |
| DBI Architects | $3,924,900 | 41 |
| Group Goetz Architects | $3,836,000 | 84 |
TOP 10 IN HOSPITALITY DESIGN
| Firms | ID fee | Rank |
| Hirsch Bedner Associates | $24,287,000 | 16 |
| Wilson & Associates | $21,660,000 | 22 |
| DiLeonardo International | $10,272,000 | 45 |
| Gettys Group | $6,650,000 | 64 |
| Concepts 4 | $5,725,440 | 74 |
| Brennan Beer Gorman Monk Interiors | $5,270,000 | 71 |
| H. Chambers Company | $5,220,000 | 69 |
| RTKL Associates | $4,600,000 | 20 |
| Brayton & Hughes Design Studio | $4,256,000 | 72 |
| Leo A Daly | $3,771,900 | 4 |
TOP 10 IN FINANCIAL/BANK DESIGN
| Gensler | $16,800,000 | 1 |
| IA Interior Architects | $15,970,500 | 7 |
| Nelson | $13,410,000 | 29 |
| Mancini-Duffy | $6,630,525 | 32 |
| Skidmore, Owings & Merrill | $5,265,000 | 5 |
| Swanke Hayden Connell Architects | $4,978,000 | 36 |
| Ted Moudis Associates | $4,900,000 | 38 |
| Hillier Architects | $4,600,000 | 19 |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $4,332,000 | 2 |
| Ellerbe Becket | $3,270,600 | 31 |
TOP 10 IN HEALTH-CARE/ASSISTED-LIVING DESIGN
| HDR Architecture | $14,520,000 | 12 |
| NBBJ | $13,500,000 | 8 |
| Cannon Design | $9,787,600 | 15 |
| Perkins & Will | $8,800,000 | 3 |
| Anshen + Allen | $7,804,800 | 56 |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $7,220,000 | 2 |
| Tsoi/Kobus & Associates | $7,154,000 | 46 |
| PageSoutherlandPage | $6,071,100 | 55 |
| Karlsberger Companies | $6,065,500 | 57 |
| HLM Design | $6,032,000 | 27 |
TOP 10 IN TECHNOLOGY DESIGN
| Firms | Design fees | Rank |
| Flad & Associates | $12,064,000 | 18 |
| IA Interior Architects | $10,647,000 | 7 |
| NBBJ | $5,062,500 | 8 |
| CUH2A | $4,831,600 | 44 |
| HLW | $4,800,000 | 17 |
| Jacobs | $3,465,904 | 9 |
| Hillier Architects | $3,450,000 | 19 |
| SmithGroup | $3,301,203 | 11 |
| SpAce | $2,800,000 | 33 |
| EwingCole | $2,400,000 | 39 |
TOP 10 IN CULTURAL DESIGN
| HLW | $7,440,000 | 17 |
| EwingCole | $3,600,000 | 39 |
| Leo A Daly | $2,933,700 | 4 |
| SmithGroup | $2,900,122 | 11 |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $2,888,000 | 2 |
| Jacobs | $2,835,739 | 9 |
| Gensler | $2,240,000 | 1 |
| Ellerbe Becket | $1,706,400 | 31 |
| Interior Space International | $1,690,000 | 37 |
| NBBJ | $1,687,500 | 8 |
TOP 10 IN EDUCATIONAL DESIGN
| Firms | Design fees | Rank |
| Cannon Design | $9,787,600 | 15 |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $7,220,000 | 2 |
| SmithGroup | $5,861,949 | 11 |
| Gensler | $5,600,000 | 1 |
| Perkins & Will | $4,840,000 | 3 |
| Leo A Daly | $3,771,900 | 4 |
| Hillier Architects | $3,450,000 | 19 |
| Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott | $3,015,000 | 68 |
| CBT/Childs Bertman Tseckares | $2,700,000 | 52 |
| Flad & Associates | $2,552,000 | 18 |
TOP 10 IN RESIDENTIAL DESIGN
| Creative Design Consultants | $21,160,000 | 21 |
| Marc-Michaels Interior Design | $10,997,000 | 42 |
| Slifer Designs | $4,565,000 | 82 |
| Roger Ferris & Partners | $2,700,000 | 50 |
| Gwathmey Siegel & Associates Architects | $2,553,000 | 66 |
| Perkins & Will | $2,200,000 | 3 |
| Lawrence Group | $1,363,058 | 95 |
| Swanke Hayden Connell Architects | $1,310,000 | 36 |
| Wilson & Associates | $1,140,000 | 22 |
| Skidmore, Owings & Merrill | $810,000 | 5 |
FEE SCALES
| Titles | (median) Annual salary | (median) Hourly rate |
| Principal/partner | $115,000 | $175 |
| Project manager | $75,000 | $125 |
| Designer | $59,000 | $95 |
| CAD operator | $47,000 | $75 |
| Other design staff | $40,400 | $74 |
10 FASTEST-GROWING FIRMS (BY DESIGN FEES)
| Firms | 2002 | 2003 | Change | Rank |
| Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum | $40,542,000 | $72,200,000 | 78.1% | 2 |
| EwingCole | $6,800,000 | $12,000,000 | 76.5% | 39 |
| Karlsberger Companies | $5,200,000 | $8,665,000 | 66.6% | 57 |
| JRS Architect | $3,480,000 | $5,350,000 | 53.7% | 86 |
| RPA | $8,093,611 | $12,000,000 | 48.3% | 40 |
| Gettys Group | $5,000,000 | $7,000,000 | 40.0% | 64 |
| FRCH Design Worldwide | $7,910,000 | $10,950,000 | 38.4% | 43 |
| Francis Cauffman Foley Hoffmann, Architects | $4,500,000 | $6,000,000 | 33.3% | 73 |
| Gresham Smith & Partners | $6,712,402 | $8,851,500 | 31.9% | 54 |
| H. Hendy Associates | $3,618,750 | $4,586,171 | 26.7% | 98 |
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